Alkenes & Polymers quiz

1.

What is the functional group of an alkene?

>C-C< (a carbon-to-carbon single bond)

>C-NH₂< (A carbon to nitrogen bond)

>C-OH< (a carbon to OH bond)

>C=C< (a carbon-to-carbon double bond)

Question 1 of 29

2. This diagram shows one repeat unit of a polymer. Name the monomer used to make this polymer.

chloroethene

polychloroethene

polytetrachloroethene

chloroethane

Question 2 of 29

3. What is cracking?

The breaking down of long-chain alkanes into alkenes and shorter-chain alkanes

The breaking down of long-chain alkanes into shorter chain alkanes

The breaking down of organic hydrocarbons into short-chain alkanes

The separating of the different fractions of crude oil

Question 3 of 29

4. Why are alkanes classified as saturated hydrocarbons?

They are toxic substances

They are usually solids at room temperature

They do not react easily

They contain only single bonds

Question 4 of 29

5. Write a chemical equation for the complete combustion of propane

C₃H₈ + 10O₂ → 3CO₂ + 8H₂O

C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 8H₂O

C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O

C₃H₈ + 10O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O

Question 5 of 29

6. What type of reaction takes place when bromine reacts with an alkene?

Synthesis

Decomposition

Substitution

Addition

Question 6 of 29

7. What are isomers?

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Solutions with the same ratio of ions but different concentrations

Molecules with the same molecular formula but with a different structure

Compounds with the same empirical formula but different molecular formulas

Question 7 of 29

8. What is the molecular formula for ethene?

C₄H₈

C₂H₄

C₂H₆

C₄H₁₀

Question 8 of 29

9. Name this molecule

methyl propane

butane

dimethyl ethane

prop-1-ene

Question 9 of 29

10. What are the two products of the reaction between methane and bromine? (2)

Bromoethane (C₂H₅Br) and hydrogen bromide (HBr)

Bromoethane (C₂H₅Br) and hydrogen (H₂)

Bromomethane (CH₃Br) and hydrogen (H₂)

Bromomethane (CH₃Br) and hydrogen bromide (HBr)

Question 10 of 29

11. State the names and molecular formulae of the first 5 alkanes

methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆), tritane (C₃H₈), tetrane (C₄H₁₀), pentane (C₅H₁₂)

methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆), propane (C₃H₈), quatane (C₄H₁₀), pentane (C₅H₁₂)

methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆), tritane (C₃H₈), butane (C₄H₁₀), pentane (C₅H₁₂)

methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆), propane (C₃H₈), butane (C₄H₁₀), pentane (C₅H₁₂)

Question 11 of 29

12.

A student has been asked to draw all the alkene isomers of C₄H₁₀ and draws the following. Which of the following statements about the student's diagram is correct?

The student is correct and deserves a tuck-shop voucher.

The student is wrong. The molecule on the right is just normal butane. Bending the end round doesn't change that.

The student is wrong. There is another isomer called 1,2-dimethylethane.

The student is wrong because she makes no reference to the numbers of protons and neutrons in the molecules.

Question 12 of 29

13. Explain why carbon monoxide is dangerous to humans

It is poisonous because it reduces the capacity of the blood to carry oxygen

It is poisonous because it poisons the bloodstream

It is poisonous because it blocks blood flow

It is poisonous because it blocks surfaces for gas exchange

Question 13 of 29

14. Explain why cracking is an important process in the oil industry

Cracking converts long chain hydrocarbons into short chain hydrocarbons. Crude oil contains a surplus short chains. Shorter chain hydrocarbons are in greater demand, e.g. petrol. Cracking also produces alkenes which are used in making polymers and ethanol.

Cracking converts long chain hydrocarbons into short chain hydrocarbons. Crude oil contains a surplus short chains. Shorter chain hydrocarbons are in less demand, e.g. petrol. Cracking also produces alkenes which are used in making polymers and ethanol.

Cracking converts long chain hydrocarbons into short chain hydrocarbons. Crude oil contains a surplus long chains. Shorter chain hydrocarbons are in greater demand, e.g. petrol. Cracking also produces alkenes which are used in making polymers and ethanol.

Cracking converts long chain hydrocarbons into short chain hydrocarbons. Crude oil contains a surplus long chains. Shorter chain hydrocarbons are in less demand, e.g. petrol. Cracking also produces alkenes which are used in making polymers and ethanol.

Question 14 of 29

15. Recall a use of fuel oil

Fuel for aeroplanes

Fuel for lorries

Fuel for ships

Surfacing roads

Question 15 of 29

16. What does the following diagram represent?

One repeat unit of polyoct-2-ene

One repeat unit of polyoct-3-ene

ethylbutylethane

The polymer oct-3-ene

Question 16 of 29

17. Describe, in terms of structure and bonding, what happens when ethene molecules are converted into poly(ethene)

One bond in the double bond breaks. Monomers join together to form a long chain. Polymer contains only single bonds

One bond in the double bond breaks. Monomers join together to form a short chain. Polymer contains both double and single bonds

Both bonds in the double bond break. Monomers join together to form a long chain. Polymer contains double and single bonds

Both bonds in the double bond break. Monomers join together to form a long chain. Polymer contains only single bonds

Question 17 of 29

18. Bromine is added to a sample of an alkane and also to a sample of an alkene. Describe the result of each.

With the alkane, changes from colourless to orange. With the alkene, no change (stays colourless)

With the alkane, changes from orange to colourless. With the alkene, no change (stays orange)

With the alkane, no change (stays orange). With the alkene, changes from orange to colourless

With the alkane, no change (stays colourless). With the alkene, changes from colourless to orange

Question 18 of 29

19. What is a substitution reaction?

A reaction where an atom or group of atoms is replaced by a different atom or group of atoms

A reaction where a double bond breaks to form a long chain of molecules

A reaction where an atoms of a group of atoms is removed from a molecule

A reaction where an atom or group of atoms is added to a molecule

Question 19 of 29

20. What is crude oil?

A mixture of hydrocarbons

An oily liquid

A mixture of alkanes

A mixture of alcohols

Question 20 of 29

21. What is a general formula?

A formula to determine the structure of a general series, i.e it shows which isomers are part of the general series and which aren\'t

A formula to show the relative quantity of different types of atom for a molecules in a homologous series. Eg CₙH₂ₙ₊₂ for alkanes

A series of compounds with similar chemical properties and a trend in physical properties

A formula to determine the exact number of different types of atom in a molecule, e.g. C₂H₄ for ethene

Question 21 of 29

22. Explain the term hydrocarbon

A hydrocarbon is a molecule containing only hydrogen and carbon

A hydrocarbon is an organic molecule

A hydrocarbon is a molecule that comes from crude oil

A hydrocarbon is a molecule that is in a homologous series

Question 22 of 29

23. What is a fuel?

A fuel is a substance that, when burned, releases heat energy

A fuel is a substance that contains chemical energy

A fuel is a liquid used in electrolysis

A fuel is a substance that is used to power vehicles

Question 23 of 29

24. In the fractional distillation of crude oil, how does viscosity change as the chains get longer?

Decreases

Remains constant

Viscosity is independent of chain length

Increases

Question 24 of 29

25. Explain how crude oil is separated into fractions

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature falls. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Larger molecules condense high up in the tower. Smaller molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature rises. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Larger molecules condense high up in the tower. Smaller molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature rises. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Smaller molecules condense high up in the tower. Larger molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature falls. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Smaller molecules condense high up in the tower. Larger molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Question 25 of 29

26. What is the problem with burning addition polymers to dispose of them?

They are not flammable

They are non-biodegradable

They explode when burnt

They produce toxic gases when burned.

Question 26 of 29

27. State the general formula for alkenes

CₙH₂ₙ

CₙH₂ₙ₊₂

CₙHₙ₊₁

CₙHₙ

Question 27 of 29

28. Explain the term unsaturated

A compound that is a liquid at room temperature

A poisonous molecule

A molecule containing only single bonds

A molecule containing a carbon-carbon double or triple bond

Question 28 of 29

29. What is the name of this molecule?

ethanol

ethene

methane

ethane

Question 29 of 29

Alkenes & Polymers quiz

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