Alkanes & Crude Oil quiz

1. Recall all the possible products of the incomplete combustion of alkanes

Hydrogen, carbon monoxide and water

Carbon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water

Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water

Carbon dioxide and water

Question 1 of 22

2. Explain how crude oil is separated into fractions

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature rises. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Larger molecules condense high up in the tower. Smaller molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature falls. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Larger molecules condense high up in the tower. Smaller molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature rises. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Smaller molecules condense high up in the tower. Larger molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature falls. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Smaller molecules condense high up in the tower. Larger molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Question 2 of 22

3. What does volatile mean? Which fraction of crude oil is the most volatile?

If a substance is volatile it evaporates easily. Refinery gas is the most volatile fraction of crude oil.

If a substance is volatile it evaporates easily. Bitumen is the most volatile fraction of crude oil.

If a substance is volatile it doesn\'t flow easily. Bitumen is the most volatile fraction of crude oil.

If a substance is volatile it doesn\'t flow easily. Refinery gas is the most volatile fraction of crude oil.

Question 3 of 22

4. How does sulfur dioxide form in car engines?

When the petrol combusts the sulfur dioxide impurities are left behind

Petrol includes the impurity sulfur, and when the petrol combusts some sulfur dioxide is formed

Acid rain causes some sulfur impurities to get into the car engine, and when the petrol combusts some sulfur dioxide is formed

The metals the car is made from contain some impurities of sulfur and when the engine heats up, some sulfur dioxide is formed

Question 4 of 22

5. Name the greenhouse gas released from burning hydrocabons

water vapour

soot

methane

carbon dioxide

Question 5 of 22

6. Name this molecule

hex-2-ene

heptane

2-methylhexane

1,1 dimethylpentane

Question 6 of 22

7. A pupil has tried to write down various ways of representing butane using: molecular formula, displayed formula, general formula, empirical formula and stuctural formula. However she has missed one out. Which one?

structural formula

general formula

empirical formula

molecular formula

Question 7 of 22

8. Explain why methane gas, CH₄, is a gas at room temperature

Methane has a giant covalent structure with many strong covalent bonds which require a lot of energy to overcome

Methane has a simple molecular structure with strong intermolecular forces that require a lot of energy to overcome

Methane has a giant covalent structure with many weak covalent bonds which require little energy to overcome

Methane has a simple molecular structure with weak intermolecular forces that require little energy to overcome

Question 8 of 22

9. Why can nitrogen react with oxygen in a car engine?

Because the gases are very volatile

The pressure is very high

The metals in the engine act as a catalyst for the reaction

The temperature is very high

Question 9 of 22

10. What is the name of this molecule?

methane

ethane

ethanol

ethene

Question 10 of 22

11. Balance the equation for the reaction: ___ HCl(aq) + ___ MnO₂(s) → ___MnCl₂(aq) + ___H₂O(l) + ___ Cl₂(g)

6 HCl(aq) + MnO₂(s) → MnCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l) + 2 Cl₂(g)

2 HCl(aq) + MnO₂(s) → MnCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l) + Cl₂(g)

4 HCl(aq) + 2 MnO₂(s) → 2 MnCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l) + Cl₂(g)

4 HCl(aq) + MnO₂(s) → MnCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l) + Cl₂(g)

Question 11 of 22

12. Describe how nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide contribute to acid rain

Nitrogen oxides created in hot car engines and sulfur dioxide released when fossil fuels are burned combine with water in the atmosphere to form acidic particles

Nitrogen oxides created in hot car engines and sulfur dioxide released when fossil fuels are burned combine with water in the atmosphere to form acidic solutions

Nitrogen oxides created in hot car engines and sulfur dioxide released when fossil fuels are burned combine with water in lakes and seas to form acidic solutions

Nitrogen oxides created in hot car engines and sulfur dioxide released when fossil fuels are burned combine with each other to form acidic solutions

Question 12 of 22

13.

A student has been asked to draw all the alkene isomers of C₄H₁₀ and draws the following. Which of the following statements about the student's diagram is correct?

The student is wrong. There is another isomer called 1,2-dimethylethane.

The student is wrong. The molecule on the right is just normal butane. Bending the end round doesn't change that.

The student is wrong because she makes no reference to the numbers of protons and neutrons in the molecules.

The student is correct and deserves a tuck-shop voucher.

Question 13 of 22

14. Why is the boiling point of a larger molecule higher than that of a smaller molecule?

Larger molecules have more attractions between them. These take more energy to overcome.

Larger molecules have fewer attractions between them. These take less energy to overcome.

Larger molecules have fewer attractions between them. These take more energy to overcome.

Larger molecules have more attractions between them. These take less energy to overcome.

Question 14 of 22

15. Recall a use of kerosene

Fuel for aeroplanes

Fuel for cars

Cooking

Fuel for lorries

Question 15 of 22

16. What is a fuel?

A fuel is a substance that is used to power vehicles

A fuel is a substance that contains chemical energy

A fuel is a substance that, when burned, releases heat energy

A fuel is a liquid used in electrolysis

Question 16 of 22

17. Explain the term hydrocarbon

A hydrocarbon is a molecule that comes from crude oil

A hydrocarbon is an organic molecule

A hydrocarbon is a molecule containing only hydrogen and carbon

A hydrocarbon is a molecule that is in a homologous series

Question 17 of 22

18. Why does incomplete combustion occur?

When there is reduced fuel avaliable

When there is an insufficient supply of oxygen for complete combustion

When there is an insufficient supply of water

When the fuel is wet

Question 18 of 22

19. State the names and molecular formulae of the first 5 alkanes

methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆), tritane (C₃H₈), tetrane (C₄H₁₀), pentane (C₅H₁₂)

methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆), propane (C₃H₈), butane (C₄H₁₀), pentane (C₅H₁₂)

methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆), propane (C₃H₈), quatane (C₄H₁₀), pentane (C₅H₁₂)

methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆), tritane (C₃H₈), butane (C₄H₁₀), pentane (C₅H₁₂)

Question 19 of 22

20. Why are alkanes classified as saturated hydrocarbons?

They are toxic substances

They are usually solids at room temperature

They do not react easily

They contain only single bonds

Question 20 of 22

21. What is crude oil?

A mixture of alkanes

A mixture of hydrocarbons

A mixture of alcohols

An oily liquid

Question 21 of 22

22. Explain the term isomerism

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Compounds with the same empirical formula but different molecular formulas

Solutions with the same ratio of ions but different concentrations

Molecules with the same molecular formula but with a different structure

Question 22 of 22

Alkanes & Crude Oil quiz

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